Taking a “skopos-oriented” approach to translation means that translators choose their translation strategies according to the purpose or function that the translated text is intended to fulfil for the target audience. Communicative purposes can only be achieved under certain conditions, such as culture-specific knowledge presuppositions, value systems or behaviour conventions. Therefore, the translator will have to analyse the target-culture conditions for which the translation is needed (as specified in the translation brief) in order to decide whether, and how, any source- text purposes can work for the target audience according to the specifications of the brief. If the target-culture conditions differ from those of the source culture, there are two basic options: either to transform the text in such a way that it can work under target-culture conditions, or to replace the source-text functions with their respective meta-functions. The paper will explore how these two options relate to translation typologies.
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
References
Bühler, Karl (1934). Sprachtheorie [Theory of Language]. Jena: Fischer.
Catford J. C.(1965). A Linguistic Theory of Translation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cicero, Marcus Tuillius (46 B.C.). De optimo genere oratorum[Loeb Classical Library]. English translation by H. M. Hubbell (1959). London: Heinemann.
Dictionary of Contemporary English (1997). London: Langenscheidt-Longman.
Dryden, John (1680). “Preface to Ovid’s Epistles, Translated by Several Hands.” In George Watson (1962)(ed.) Of Dramatic Poesy. London: Dent.
Hieronymus, Sophronius Eusebius (1980). Liber de optimo genere interpretandi (Epistula 57). Edited and commented by G.J.M. Bartelink. Leiden.
House, Juliane (1977). A Model for Translation Quality Assessment. Tübingen: Narr.
Jakobson, Roman (1960). “Linguistics and Poetics.” In Thomas A. Senbeok (ed.) Style in Language. Cambridge Mass.: MIT Press, 350-77.
Koller, Werner (1995). “The Concept of Equivalence and the Object of Translation Studies.”Target 7(2), 191-222.
Luther, Martin (1530). “Sendbrief vom Dolmetschen.” Reproduced in Hans-Joachim Störig (1963)(ed.) Das Problem des Übersetzens. Darmstadt: W. Buchgesellschaft.
Newmark, Peter (1990). “The Curse of Dogma in Translation Studies.”Lebende Sprachen 35(3), 105-8.
Nida, Eurene A. (1964). Toward a Science of Translating. With Special Reference to Principles and Procedures Involved in Bible Translating. Leiden: Brill.
Nord, Christiane (1989). “Loyalität statt Treue: Vorschläge zu einer funktionalen Übersetzungstypologie.”Lebende Sprachen 34, 100-5.
Nord, Christiane (1997). Translating as a Purposeful Activity. Functionalist Approaches Explained. Manchester: St. Jerome (Translation Theories Explained, 1).
Nord, Christiane (2003). Kommunikativ handeln auf Spanisch und Deutsch. Ein Übersetzungsorientierter funktionaler Sprach-und Stilvergleich. Wilhelmsfeld: Gottfried Egert.
Nord, Christiane (2005). Text Analysis in Translation, 2nd revised edition. Amsterdam-Philadelphia: Rodopi (First edition: 1991).
Vermeer, Hans J. (1978). ein rahmen für eine allgemeine translationstheorie. Reprint in Hans J. Vermeer (1983) Aufsätze zur Translationstheorie. Heidelberg: Vermeer, 48-61.
PDF(436 KB)
