2017年, 第1卷, 第1期　
刊出日期：2017-06-10

  

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  Preface

  Lawrence Wang-chi Wong, James St. André

  翻译学报. 2017, 1(1): 1-2.

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  Introduction

  Bernhard Fuehrer

  翻译学报. 2017, 1(1): 3-5.

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  Joining the Spiritual World of Confucianism: The Jesuit Translation of the Zhongyong

  Thierry Meynard

  翻译学报. 2017, 1(1): 7-57.

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  In their encounter with China, the Jesuits developed a multi-layer approach, and the religious, philosophical and political layers of this encounter are quite well known. However, the spiritual encounter is less known, and yet quite important because it deals with the most inner layer of the personal identity of the Jesuits and of the Chinese people. The Italian Jesuit Prospero Intorcetta was intellectually deeply influenced by the spiritual encounter between the two traditions of Western Christianity and Confucianism as shown in his Latin translation of the Zhongyong, published in 1687.
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  Hellenic Shadows on the China Coast: Greek Terms for “Foreigner” and “Religion” in Early Anglophone Missionary Sinology

  T. H. Barrett

  翻译学报. 2017, 1(1): 58-84.

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  The arrival of educated Protestant diplomats and missionaries in China in the early nineteenth century did not only bring new modern languages into contact with Chinese. The mistranslation “Barbarian Eye” may reflect a knowledge of a similar term in the Ancient Greek of Aristophanes, while the Bible was translated not from Latin or English but from the original languages, including New Testament Greek. The English word “religion” in the Authorized Version New Testament was therefore translated variously into Chinese by successive English speakers from Robert Morrison onward not in its modern English meaning, but in the meaning of the underlying Greek. But such difficult choices concerning key words in religious discourse were not being made for the first time: translators from Prakrit to Greek and from Prakrit to Chinese had long before confronted similar issues. Nor were they made in isolation from other translation challenges, such as deciding on the rendering of the word “superstition.”
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  “We are as babies under nurses”: Thomas Manning (1772-1840) and Sino-British Relations in the Early Nineteenth Century*

  Lawrence Wang-chi Wong

  翻译学报. 2017, 1(1): 85-136.

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  Described by Charles Lamb as “a man in a thousand,” Thomas Manning developed a very strong interest in China at a time when there were less than a handful of British who had studied Chinese. Through different means and channels, he learned the Chinese language, and then went to Canton (Guangzhou), Hué in Annam (Vietnam), and Calcutta to look for an opportunity to enter inland China. Between 1807 and 1816, he occasionally translated for the East India Company in Canton. In 1811, he successfully reached Lhasa, Tibet, being the first British ever to reach this sacred place. A keen advocate for an embassy to Peking, he went as far as writing to King George III to urge him to send one. He claimed that he should be enlisted because his proficiency in Chinese had surpassed that of all Europeans. He was appointed one of the four translators when the Amherst Mission was finally sent in 1816. After the mission, he brought two Chinese to London, with a plan to teach some British to learn Chinese there before they went to China. Despite his legendary life, Manning has not been much studied by historians of Sino-British relations. Based on newly available materials, the present paper examines the life of this “eccentric” genius, redrawing his unique and uneven path as a Sinologist in the first half of the nineteenth century.
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  Carstairs Douglas (1830-1877) and his Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy (1873)

  Niki Alsford, Bernhard Fuehrer

  翻译学报. 2017, 1(1): 137-182.

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  This paper traces the life and achievements of the Scottish missionary Carstairs Douglas (1830-1877), especially his contributions to the mission in Amoy (Xiamen 廈門). It also includes a contextualized description and evaluation of his dictionary of the spoken language of Amoy (1873), a reference work that may still be used with some benefit by students of the Southern Hokkien (Minnanhua) language.
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  War of Translation, Treaty of Nanking, and Diplomatic Deception: Sir George Staunton and the Birth of Two Early Chinese Programs at the University of London

  Uganda Sze-Pui Kwan

  翻译学报. 2017, 1(1): 183-206.

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  The British Empire was a latecomer in establishing Chinese studies. British Sinologists made strenuous efforts to establish the first program at the University College London in the mid-1830s. The empire did not contribute to the making of it. University College London, the institution where the program was set up, was apathetic about the whole establishment. When the first term ended, University College London was unwilling to continue the program despite the clamor for learning Chinese in the society. The program was finally revived in 1846, only this time at another college at the University of London. Relying on an extensive amount of private and public archival records centering on Sir George Thomas Staunton, this paper demonstrates that it was under his patronage that the Chinese program was reinstitutionalized in London. Known to be an unassuming political figure, Sir George Staunton was determined to rekindle the program. Not soon after the Treaty of Nanking was signed did a scandal of translation break out: an article in the peace treaty was missing in the translated version. The interpreter for the British Empire was accused of being bribed by the Chinese to betray the British Empire. Was it true? Or was this simply a political intrigue to humiliate the British? In fact, during the war, Staunton, being an old Chinese hand and an expert of Chinese translation, had already warned about the vulnerability of the government in view of the chronic lack of competent interpreters. However, as party politics prevailed, his good intentions were ignored. Even worse, he was sidelined. After seeing that the scandal had hijacked Britain’s war glory, he was resolute in fixing the problem. This time he used his own might to set the tone for British Sinology for years to come.
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  Albert Terrien de Lacouperie’s (1845-1894) Translation of the Yijing, and the Debates in Europe and Asia over the “Western Origins of Chinese Civilization”1

  Richard J. Smith

  翻译学报. 2017, 1(1): 207-240.

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  This essay examines the effort made by a French scholar named Albert Étienne Jean-Baptiste Terrien de Lacouperie (1844-1894) to translate the basic text of the Yijing (易經 Classic of Changes) into English, and the role that his idiosyncratic translations and interpretations played in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century theoretical debates over “the Western origins of Chinese civilization” (中國文化西來說). A central argument of the essay is that both politics and ethnocentrism played a significant role in shaping the responses of Western and East Asian scholars to this particular translation, influencing, in turn, Japanese and Chinese translations of it. In the end, however, new archaeological discoveries in China, together with the rise and rapid growth of Chinese nationalism, sounded the death knell for Terrien de Lacouperie’s controversial theories.