十九世紀中國文學作品英譯史的現有研究中,學界對幾位知名漢學家的探討頗為豐富,可是應當注意到,包括文學翻譯在內的十九世紀英國漢學的發展同樣離不開大量在華西人的積極參與,其中許多人的貢獻仍未得到足夠關注。本文的研究對象李思達（AlfredLister,1842-1890）就是這樣一位還不為人所知的譯者,他於1865年以香港翻譯官學生身份來到香港,在殖民地政府中歷任多職,曾擔任驛務司（PostmasterGeneral）和庫務司（Treasurer）等重要職位。自從來港學習中文開始,李思達便關注中國知識,在不同漢學期刊發表多篇中國研究文章及翻譯作品,尤其傾心於中國文學的翻譯。本文通過發掘史料及文本考析,梳理李思達翻譯中國文學作品的選材、觀念及方法,結合他的殖民地經驗及當時中國研究語境,探討文學翻譯實踐如何發生及展開,其中又展現了怎樣的文學眼光,為我們理解十九世紀中國文學英譯史帶來新的發現。
Abstract
Much has been written about the prominent British sinologists in the history of English translations of Chinese literature in the nineteenth century. It should be noted that the development of British sinology, including literary translation, in the nineteenth century was also marked by the active participation of a large number of foreign residents in China. Their contributions have not yet received sufficient attention. This paper examines the life and work of Alfred Lister (1842-1890) as a translator of Chinese literature who is still largely unnoticed. Since his arrival in Hong Kong in 1865, Lister had served in several offices in the colonial government, including Postmaster General and Treasurer. He had published actively in contemporary sinological journals, with a particular interest in translating Chinese literary works into English. With archival research and textual analysis, this paper examines his selection of source texts and his concepts and translation methods. It explores how the practice of literary translation had developed in the context of his colonial experience and the Chinese research environment in Hong Kong at the time. This paper brings new perspectives to our understanding of the history of English translations of Chinese literature in the nineteenth century.
关键词
李思達（Alfred Lister, 1842-1890） /
中國文學 /
翻譯 /
英國漢學
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参考文献
一、傳統文獻
1. 李思達作品
Lister, Alfred (1867). “Books Wanted (Purchase or Exchange).”Notes and Queries on China and Japan 1(10): 143.
L. (Lister, Alfred?) (1869). “A Literary Puzzle.”Notes and Queries 3(10): 158.
[Lister, Alfred] (trans.) (1869). “Rhymes from the Chinese, with Reasons from the English: Fading Beauty.”The China Magazine 3: 153-154.
L. (Lister, Alfred?) (1870). “No. 39, A Buddhist Invocation.”Notes and Queries on China and Japan 4: 24.
Lister, Alfred (trans.) (1870a). “Three Brothers.” The China Magazine 4: 1-24, 41-64, 81-113, 123-146.
Lister, Alfred (1870b). “A Chinese Farce—with an Introduction.”The China Magazine 4: 113-121.
— (1872a). “A Chinese Farce—with an Introduction.”The China Review 1(1): 26-31.
— (1872b). “Rhymes from the Chinese, Done into English.”The China Review 1(2): 96-104.
— (1873a). “An Hour with a Chinese Romance.” The China Review 1 (5): 284-293; 1(6): 352-362.
— (1873b). “On the Supposed Difficulty of Chinese.”The China Review 2(2): 103-113.
L.C.P. [Lister, Alfred] (1874). “The Noble Art of Self-Defence in China.”The China Review 3(2): 84-92.
Lister, Alfred (1874). “Chinese Proverbs and Their Lessons.”The China Review 3(3): 129-138.
— (1875). “Classical Rhymes.” The China Review 4 (1): 43-46; 4(2): 123-124.
— (1876). “Dr. Legge’s Metrical Shi-King.”The China Review 5(1): 1-8.
Lister, Alfred,E. C. Bowra (1875). “The Last of the Chinese.”The China Review 3(5): 257-269.
2. 其他傳統文獻
清.不著撰人,《古本小說集成》編委會編(1994).《古本小說集成.群英傑》.上海:上海古籍出版社.
清.不著撰人,《丹山鳳班本亞爛賣豬》,同治八年(1869)刊本,丹柱堂板.上海:復旦大學圖書館藏.
清.荑荻散人著,冷時峻點校(1994).《玉嬌梨》.上海:上海古籍出版社.
Abel-Rémusat, Jean-Pierre (trans.) (1826). Iu-Kiao-Li, ou Les Deux Cousines; Roman Chinois. Paris: Moutardier.
Allen, C. F. R. (trans.) (1873-1874). “The Young Prodigy.” The China Review 2 (1-5): 20-29, 65-74, 135-144, 197-206, 261-276.
Balfour, Frederic Henryet al. (1885). “Chinese Theatricals and Theatrical Plots.”Journal of North China Branch of Royal Asiatic Society 20: 193-208.
Beach, Rev. William R. (1869). Visit of His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., K.T., G.C.M.G., to Hongkong in 1869: Compiled from the Local Journals, and Other Sources. Hongkong: Printed by Noronha and Sons, Government Printers; London: Smith, Elder and Co.
Bowra, E. C. (1872). “Su Tung-P’o.”The China Review 1(1): 32-37.
Chalmers, John (1872). “The Song of the Cloud Table on Mount Hwa.”The China Review 1(3): 199-200.
— (1873). “Chinese ‘Songs for the Harp.’”The China Review 2(1): 60.
China Mail (1890). “Death of Mr. Alfred Lister.” 15 July 1890.
Davis, John Francis (trans.) (1829). “Appendix to ‘The Fortunate Union.’” In The Fortunate Union, vol. 2, 245-262. London: [J]. Murray.
Dennys, N. B. (1876). “The Folk-Lore of China.”The China Review 5(2): 87-88.
Gardner, C. T. (1873). “Chinese Verse.”China Review 1(4): 248-254.
Iu-Kiao-Li: Or, the Two Fair Cousins. A Chinese Novel from the French Version of M. Abel- Rémusat (1827). London: Hunt and Clarke.
Legge, James (1876). The Chinese Classics: The She King; Or, the Book of Poetry. London: Trtibner and Co.
Mayers, W. F. (1867). “Chinese Works of Fiction. V. Romantic Novels. (Continued.).”Notes and Queries on China and Japan 1(11): 154-156.
The North-China Herald (1872). “Review.” 21 November 1872, 437.
The North-China Herald (1890). “Notes by Quidnunc.” 7 November 1890, 569-570.
Thwing, E. W. (1897). “Chinese Fiction.”The China Review 22(6): 758-764.
二、檔案
General Register Office (1842). Birth Certificate,Goole, County of York, 1842 September, vol. 23, p. 222, Lister, Alfred.
Examination Registers of the University of London, 1838-1889: D2, Matriculation, General/ London, 1857-1867.
Examination Registers of the University of London, 1838-1889: D31, 1st Exam for B.A., General/London, 1859-1872.
Examination Registers of the University of London, 1838-1889: D35, 2nd Exam for B.A., General/London, 1860-1887.
Great Britain, Colonial Office Records 129, Hong Kong Correspondence.
Hong Kong.1865-1889. Hong Kong Blue Book for the Year. Hong Kong: Noronha & Sons, 1865-1889.
The London University Calendar. 1861.London: Taylor and Francis.
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